Their Eyes Were Watching God Essays - Janies Life and the Pear Tree :: Their Eyes Were Watching God Essays

Their eyeball Were Watching God - Janies Life and the Pear Tree Their Eyes Were Watching God is a story centered on the idea of life cycles. The experiences that Janie faces and struggles through in her life represent the many cycles that she has been present for. for each one cycle seem to take place with the start of each new relation ship that she faces. Each relationship that Janie is involved in not rightful(prenominal) marriages, blooms and withers away like the symbol of Janies life the pear tree from her childhood. Janies Grandmother is the first bud on her tree. She raised Janie since she was a little girl. Her gran is in some respects a gardener pruning and shaping the future for her granddaughter. She tries to instill a strong belief in marriage. To her marriage is the exactly way that Janie will survive in life. What Nanny does not realize is that Janie has the potential to make her own path in the walk of life. This blinds nanny, because she is a victim of the horrible effects of slavery. She really tries to convey to Janie that she has her own voice but she forces her into a position where that voice is silenced and there for condemning all hopes of her Granddaughter make out the woman that she is capable of being. The affect of Nanny is the marriage to her first of three husbands, Logan. He is a man that sees no wife in his relationship with Janie he sees a worker. The intelligence of Janie to realize this is a prime example of the capabilities that Janie possesses as an independent woman. Logan is the pollution to Janies tree of life. He is good for one thing and that is delaying the indispensable delaying Janie from realizing that she can be a woman with an inelegant thought not just a good house worker. He prevents the self-sufficient woman in Janie from reaching its potential. The next cycle is that of Joe Starks. The role of this marriage is of a different nature. Janie no longer is a house s lave. She chooses to take the role of a trophy wife in the times that this takes place in.

Adventures of Huckleberry Finn :: essays research papers

Adventures of Huckleberry Finn1.PeriodThe degree that is most evident in this novel is that of realism. Realism is a style of writing, developed in the nineteenth century, that attempts to provide life accurately without idealizing or romanticizing it. Mark Twain depicts the adventures and life of Huck Finn in a realistic, straight-forward way. He did not try to idealize or idealise his characters or their surroundings instead he described them exactly how they would be in real life. Realists did not write about the long ago or far away, the realists concentrate often on contemporary life and on middle- and lower-class lives in particular (such as Huck Finns). Evidence of the Romantic period is also found in this novel in that romantics tend to seek nature as a solace from problems caused by society and the big city. In this novel Huck turns to the Mississippi River (nature) as an escape from society, as does Jim for an escape from his slavery. Huck Finn also shows evidence of ro manticism with its instances with the supernatural.2.StyleOne of Mark Twains most effective uses of style in this novel is his first person point of view. In a first person point of view wizard of the characters tells the story, using first-person pronouns such as I and we. With this point of view the reader knows only what the narrator knows. The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn is told by the novels of import character, Huck Finn. This point of view allows us to hear Hucks distinct voice and dialect, further familiarizing the reader with Hucks nicety and surroundings. The skill with witch Twain elevates the dialect of an illiterate village boy to the highest levels of poetry established the spoken American idiom as a literary language.

New Years Changes in Henrik Isbens A Dolls House Essay -- Victorian

In Victorian England, women were expected to be undoubtedly obedient to their fathers, and later in brio, servile to their husbands as well. They were normally forbidden to pursue a real education, and would often devote themselves to their husbands happiness (Roland 10). Throughout history, women pose had to induce sacrifices for other peoples feelings and lives. They name given up their own lives, freedoms, education, and careers due to their concern for others. A concurrent injustice occurs in Henrik Ibsens play, A Dolls House. The plays characters, motifs, and symbols support its theme the sacrifices and decisions pushed onto women by society have hampered them from pursuing their own lives, but there is hope to overcome it.The two minor women characters, Anne and Mrs. Linde, both make sacrifices for different people in order to make life better for others. During the 1800s, a chance for a wo objet dart to get an advanced education was fairly rare. This limited a charr s options to low paying business line or marrying a well-off man. Anne, the nurse, explains to Nora that when she was young, she was just a poor girl led down the wrong path by a wicked man (Ibsen 200). Anne was forced to put her daughter up for adoption so she could get a job and survive, but it also provided her daughter with a stable home. Mrs. Linde, an sometime(a) friend of Noras, reappears after ten years and tells Nora of the struggles in her past (Ibsen 180). Due to the familial obligations society often places on women, she had to leave her love, a poor man named Nils Krogstad, to marry a rich man who will able to financially help Mrs. Linde take care of her sick mother and younger brothers (Ibsen 182).Nora, the main distaff character of the play, care... ...ted as a doll all off her life by both her father and Torvald, and decides to leave her family so she can live a life of her own. The meaning of the New Years Eve changes to represent how Nora and Torvald will evolve into new people (Ibsen 236). It also shows that it is never too late for any woman to take back her freedom.Ibsens play displays how societys expectations of woman are unfair to their freedoms and the pursuit of their own lives. The female characters sacrificed having their own lives to better those of others. The motifs contrast what women experience in life and what they deserve. The symbol of New Years Eve proves that a woman can reclaim her freedoms.Works CitedIbsen, Henrik. A Dolls House The River Reader. Pearson Custom Publishing, 2009 Roland, Paul. The Crimes of Jack the Ripper. Edison Chartwell Books, Inc., 2007. Print.

Medical Causes of Obesity Essay -- Health, Diseases

Close your eyes and picture this, you atomic number 18 outside of a favorite cafe looking for a table. You are just about to sit on the patio to enjoy a steaming hot cup of coffee, when you look to everyplace and see the most disgusting sight ever. He looks absolutely mountainous thither are rolls upon rolls suffocating his body. Food is flying everywhere, lettuce is being launched through the air, and there are pieces of meat all over the table and floor. You are astounded to see that he is trying to snag his third burger. You then walk away(p) utterly shocked that someone can let their dog get that fat. That is right what I was describing was about a canine, not a human being, which is what I bet you thought while reading the description. Society and the media have put this picture into our heads that obese people sit at restaurants all day grooming their faces with food, and are extremely lazy. As it turns out, this depiction of obese people is wrong, and there is more baffli ng in obesity than you think. There are a century causes as to why a person is obese, but thanks to society and the media we only think of the one reason. In fact, some of the common causes of obesity are diseases. There are many syndromes that could cause obesity but the most common ones are hypothyroidism, Cushings disease, Prader-Willi syndrome, and polycystic ovarian syndrome. As society frequently passes vox populi on obese people they do not stop to think that a disease could be the cause for their obesity. The scratch line genetic disorder that is involved in causing obesity is called hypothyroidism. This disease is fairly common as it affects more than forty percent of Americans (Lowrance, 2009). In order to explain how this disease causes obesity, I will first explain what t... ...ypothyroidism, which is caused by an underactive thyroid gland. Fifteen million have a disease called Cushings disease, which happens when the body is overexposed to cortisol. Prader-Willi affe cts thirty thousand, and it caused by a bad fifteenth chromosome. Fifty percent of women who have polycystic ovarian syndrome are obese. This condition is caused by insulin resistance and biochemical signaling. All of these people abnormal by these disorders are obese because of something that they could not control, genetics, not overeating and laziness. So please, next time you see an overly obese person think first before you judge them. The quote said by Adelle Davis perfectly sums up my argument, To say that obesity is caused by merely consuming too many calories is wish saying that the only cause of the American Revolution was the Boston Tea Party, (Davis, n.d).

Mexico :: essays research papers

Why should I invest in Mexico?Mexico has established itself as one of the biggest emerging commercialises in the world today. It has exhibited many of the signs of a high emergence economy, offering several advantages to prospective investors. Some highlights of the Mexican economy include single-digit inflation, a balanced national budget, real economic growth (presently at a rate of 12 pct), a deregulated economy and a favorable investment climate etc. Mexico withal possesses a strategic geographic location as a gateway to Latin American markets.Mexico is among the fastest- growing export markets for the UnitedStates. In 1985, Mexico became the third largest market for total U.S. exports, behind Canada and Japan. In 1992, Mexico surpassed Japan as the second largest export market for U.S. manufactured goods. Mexico now has become the second most important U.S. transaction partner after Canada. U.S. exports to Mexico have grown at double-digit annual rates in every year since 1995, culminating in an astonishing 28 percent growth in 2000. U.S. exports to Mexico grew from $46 billion in 1995 to more than $112 billion in 2000 -- more than our 3rd and 4th largest trading partners, Japan and the U.K., combined, and more than double the judge of U.S. exports to the entire European Community.U.S. export growth to Mexico has been buoyed by strong growth in Mexican GDP. The Mexican economy grew a remarkable 7 percent in 2000. Growth declined sharply in 2001, however, in concert with the economic slowdown in the United States. Projections for 2001 have been scaled downward from an initial 5.5 percent to a second quarter estimate of 2.5 percent, and are likely to go lower still. This could be the first year since the inception of NAFTA that U.S. exports to Mexico fail to grow at double-digit rates.Political developments in Mexico have contributed to the countrys long-term market potential. On July 2, 2000, voters elected a more plural Congress and chose Vicente F ox of the competition PAN ships company as President, ending 71 years of one-party rule by the PRI at the federal level. It is difficult to overestimate the importance of Foxs victory, which marks the first opposition presidency in Mexicos modern era, and symbolizes Mexicos march toward increased pluralism and more open democracy. Foxs priorities include expanding legal avenues for Mexicans seeking employment in the United States, reaching a lasting peace in Chiapas, enhancing foreign trade and investment, and reforming Mexicos fiscal policies.

Mexico :: essays research papers

Why should I invest in Mexico?Mexico has established itself as one of the biggest emerging markets in the world today. It has exhibited more of the signs of a high growth economy, offering several advantages to prospective investors. Some highlights of the Mexican economy include single-digit inflation, a balanced public budget, real economical growth (presently at a rate of 12 percent), a deregulated economy and a favorable investment climate etc. Mexico also possesses a strategic geographic location as a gateway to Latin American markets.Mexico is among the fastest- growing export markets for the UnitedStates. In 1985, Mexico became the third largest market for total U.S. exports, stinkpot Canada and Japan. In 1992, Mexico surpassed Japan as the second gear largest export market for U.S. manufactured goods. Mexico now has become the second most important U.S. trading partner subsequently Canada. U.S. exports to Mexico have grown at double-digit annual rates in every year sinc e 1995, culminating in an astonishing 28 percent growth in 2000. U.S. exports to Mexico grew from $46 billion in 1995 to more than $112 billion in 2000 -- more than our 3rd and 4th largest trading partners, Japan and the U.K., combined, and more than double the value of U.S. exports to the entire European Community.U.S. export growth to Mexico has been buoyed by strong growth in Mexican GDP. The Mexican economy grew a remarkable 7 percent in 2000. return declined sharply in 2001, however, in concert with the economic slowdown in the United States. Projections for 2001 have been scaled downward from an initial 5.5 percent to a second quarter estimate of 2.5 percent, and are likely to go lower still. This could be the first year since the inception of NAFTA that U.S. exports to Mexico fail to grow at double-digit rates.Political developments in Mexico have contributed to the countrys long-term market potential. On July 2, 2000, voters elected a more plural Congress and chose Vicente Fox of the opposition PAN party as President, last 71 years of one-party rule by the PRI at the federal level. It is difficult to overestimate the importance of Foxs victory, which marks the first opposition presidency in Mexicos modern era, and symbolizes Mexicos march toward increased pluralism and more open democracy. Foxs priorities include expanding legal avenues for Mexicans seeking employment in the United States, reaching a lasting stop in Chiapas, enhancing foreign trade and investment, and reforming Mexicos fiscal policies.

Compulsory Education Essay

Many may argue upbringing is at its finest since things seem to get better(p) with time but is this the case when speaking of authoritative education? arrogant education in the linked States today has come a long federal agency from original ideas concerning education. There are some satisfied with the way naturalises are constructed yet there are others who are not. Much like anything else, irresponsible education can be improved. According to Paul Goodman, requiring students to attain two years for maturing between high school and college can improve compulsory education (Goodman 2012).The account of compulsory education dates back to before the medieval era. As one may guess, compulsory education has been changed drastically since it was introduced. By the year 1918 all of the United States and territories had laws governing compulsory school attendance. Executing compulsory schooling allowed a more productive means of solidifying national school attendance. At this time, compulsory education is a form of progress setting the stage for more jurisdictions in state legislation regarding these attendance policies (Richardson 1994). arrogant education has significant advantages and disadvantages. Compulsory education has great effects on enforcing children to go to school. Sadly enough, not all families want their children to go to school or be educated beyond a certain point or for that matter, some children do not desire to continue their education. Fortunately, these attendance policies make children attend school up to a certain point, which depends on the state. The major disadvantage of compulsory education is that not everyone is classroom material.Some people prefer a being occupied and establishing a steady income at an early age rather than going to school. A prime example of this is about a teenage boy, Charlie, was bored with school so he started skipping class for weeks at a time. Even then, Charlie proved to be successful in the landscapi ng business despite the substantial measure of time he lost in school (Inson 2006). Whether the effects of compulsory education are essential to ones success or not, it plays a key role in todays schools. Like anything else, compulsory education can and should be refined and enriched.Some of these ideas of improvement are divided by many but have not yet been enforced. The government should be more responsible for setting goals within the system and providing the infrastructure to do so. Also, the government should be responsible for analyzing the outcomes from students once these provisions are set (Yasuhiko 2005). Going further as to say, raising the age of compulsory education, which is an idea shared out by many. This enforces students to continue their education for longer periods of time, which in turn, would ultimately provide more productive citizens to the American society (NASSP 2010).Certainly, compulsory education is a significant part of the history and present day s chools. Education is everything in todays society. There are immense advantages as well as disadvantages concerning this subject. Compulsory education is essential to schools in the United States and will continue to be. Continuous reform and amendments will be made along with new laws and policies governing compulsory education and attendance. Learning is a ceaseless process. Works Cited National Education at the Beginning of 2001.Innovations and Developments in Education System. 2002. Richardson, John G. Compulsory take aim Attendance. 1994. Inson, Peter. The Guardian. November 2006. Yasuhiko, Torii. Redesigning Compulsory Education. October 2005. http//www. mext. go. jp/b_menu/shingi/chukyo/chukyo0/toushin/06051511. pdf

My mobile phone

My mobile phone the phone 5. My mobile phone is called the Iphone 5 and it is producted by Apple. It costs $850 plus taxes. I tried using it over the weekend and thought it was fantastic. I name given it four stars. This was a gift which my mother gave me on my birthday. Firstly, mobile phones are one of the most popular tools in life. There are many benefits when I use my mobile phone. It Is famous for Its light and application software. Before that, I used to have another smartphone, but it was very heavy. Now, when I have my favourite mobile phone, I eel that It Is better than the old one.It Is quick and convenient for me to call, text and keep In touch with each other despite long distances. In addition, It can help me surf the Internet easily and simply. It also helps users to shape Information online, check emails, look up new words any time and anywhere. After a busy day, I can entertain myself by dint of playing games, listening to music and reading newspapers. Therefore , after doing so, I think of that It Is necessary for me to study well. Secondly, although it has many good features, it also has some bad aspects egarding illusion and battery.The phone 5 has two colours black and white. You do not have many choices when you buy it. I bought the white one, but I think it looks monotonous and boring. It also has a problem with its battery. You cannot use it longer than 8 hours without recharging it. Sometimes it does not have enough battery for me to use when I have emergency situations. In general, my mobile phone is not bad if it is being used wisely. People use smartphone like accessory. It makes peoples lives more enjoyable. It is a great and habitual mobile phone nowadays.

limitations of first amendment

The primary Amendment to the Constitution of the United put ups of America speaks of certain guaranteed ejectdoms of the citizens. Said exemptions, are of paramount importance, and having been guaranteed by the supreme righteousness of the land, it means that intrusions into said rights basis non be countenanced. The First Amendment states thatCongress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press or the right of the people peaceably to assemble, and to petition the Government for a redress of grievances.It appears that the First Amendment speaks mainly of three fundamental rights of the citizens namely, the right to freely exercise ones religion freedom of speech and of the press and the right to peaceably assemble. By virtue of the Constitution, intrusions respecting said rights can non be allowed. It bears to stress that the First Amendment help oneselfs as a re brain powerer that the branches of the government, in exercising their powers, must(prenominal) not step or intrude into said guaranteed rights. However, it must be borne in mind that the freedom given(p) to the citizens under the First Amendment is not absolute in character.There are certain limitations to the exercise of First Amendment rights wherein reasonable intrusion by the State is permitted in commit to prevent dissension among the citizens and to avoid causing undue injury. In formulating laws, the primordial concern of the lawmakers is the furtherance and protection of the refers of the public in general. Hence, the laws, most especially the Constitution, cannot be used as a shield in justifying ones act of injuring another. As will be discussed, law and jurisprudence have laid down the guidelines in exercising the freedoms guaranteed by the First Amendment. So also, the limitations as to the exercise of First Amendment rights have been affirmed as necessary in order to reg ulate the conduct of citizens within the State.The first right mentioned under the First Amendment is the freedom of religion. The free exercise clause proscribes the State from sponsoring a certain form of religion. The State must be impartial as regards the different forms of religion within the State. But more importantly, this clause grants to the citizens the freedom to be respected in their choice of belief. A citizen cannot be compelled by the State to choose and to practice a certain type of religion. A citizen is free to choose his own religion and is free to do acts in accordance with his or her belief. The limitation imposed upon the free exercise clause is aptly state by the Court in the case of Cantwell vs. Connecticut thus,Freedom of conscience and freedom to adhere to such religious organization or form of theology as the individual may choose cannot be restricted by law. On the other hand, it safeguards the free exercise of the chosen form of religion. Thus, the a mendment embraces two conceptsfreedom to believe and freedom to act. The first is absolute, but in the nature of things, the second cannot be (310 US 296 (1940)).Hence, it appears that while an individual is granted by the Constitution the freedom to believe and to act in accordance to ones belief, the exercise of said right cannot be limitless. The acts of an individual must be regulated by the State, even if the very(prenominal) be done as a way of professing his belief, if the same is already detrimental or prejudicial the interests of the public in general. If an individual does an act which is in contravention with a prohibitive law, he cannot use his religion as a defense.Infringement of said freedom is permitted when the senseless exercise of said right can cause danger and harm to the public interest. Although his freedom to believe is guaranteed by the Constitution, the same law cannot permit parti pris and injustice to prevail to spring from said freedom.An individual s hall not be excused from complying with a law by reason of his religious belief, especially if the object of the law is a legitimate purpose, and if the same is not an attack against religion. It must always be borne in mind that the paramount concern of our laws is to promote and serve public interest. Hence, if a certain action on the part of a citizen can be characterized as a frustration of the interest of the public in general, it cannot be considered as protected by the First Amendment.The second part of the First Amendment speaks of the freedom of speech. Under this clause, one is free to express his own views and opinions.This clause indeed strengthens the States belief in the concept of democracy as the opinion of citizens is given weight and importance. Under the Constitution, an individual cannot be bottle up when it comes to airing out his opinions and views either orally, in print, or through other mediums of communication. It is noteworthy, however, that this right i s also limit in operation in the sense that not every form or speech or communication is protected by the law. It is settled that there are certain well-defined and narrowly limited classes of speech, the prevention and punishment of which has never been thought to raise some(prenominal) Constitutional problems (Chaplinsky vs. New Hapshire, 315 US 568 (1942)). It thus appears that not every utterance enjoys the freedom granted by the First Amendment.Examples of said unprotected speeches are libel and obscenity. Libelous words and statements cannot be countenanced under the law. The First Amendment cannot be used, for instance, as a vindication for violating the right of another to privacy and to be free from undue vexations. It must not be forgotten that the freedom of speech is granted in order to recognize the value of the voice and views of the citizens. There can be no value as regards speech that are damaging to other parties.As the same already inflicts injury to another pe rson, the perpetrator is not permitted to seek shelter under the First Amendment. The same can be said about grimy publications, being in contravention and offensive to the concept of chastity and decency. It is because of the grave injury caused by said utterances to the public in general that made them celestial latitude outside the ambit of the First Amendment protection.Lastly, the First Amendment speaks of the right of the people to peaceably assemble and to petition the government for the redress of their grievances. This is a fundamental right as the citizens are not restricted from gathering themselves in order for them to air out their opinions and bring their concerns to the government. In a number of cases, it has been settled that this right is machine-accessible to the freedom of rule since assembling and petitioning the government for redress is a form of expression.Hence, it can be said that the same limits imposed on the freedom of expression clause in the First Amendment can be applied to the freedom to peaceably assemble and petition the government. In the exercise of this right, the assembly must not be tainted with any form of violence which could bring undue injury to the public. So also, in petitioning the government for redress of their grievances, the same must be for valid grounds and must not amount to seditious acts. Otherwise, the same shall fall outside the scope of the First Amendment and will not merit any protection under the law.In the last analysis, it appears that the fundamental rights of religion, speech and peaceful assembly, although guaranteed by the First Amendment, cannot be exercised without limits. Said rights, while promoting the democratic character of our nation, must necessarily be regulated in order to avoid dissension among the citizens and in order to prevent undue injury.A certain level of childbed is necessary for the purpose of making sure that the exercise of said rights is done in furtherance of the objectives of the Constitutionpromote peace, order and unity in the society, and not to create conflict and injustice within the State. If said freedoms are accorded without any form of regulation, abuse cannot be avoided, and hence, the very instruments formulated to further public interest can even cause the frustration of said interests.

Emile Durkheim – Division of Labor

DIVISION OF LABOR IN SOCIETY The theatrical role of Labor in Society by Emile Durkheim explains how in the modern societies the percentage of labor affects individuals and society contradicting Marxs belief that the piece of labor will all in all result to alienation. Durkheim argued that the division of labor is not necessarily bad for it increases both the productive capacity and skill of the workman it is the necessary condition for the intellectual and material development of societies it is the witness of civilization. More importantly, it creates a whole tone of solidarity among the people. For Durkheim, the result of Division of Labor is positive for there is no need for competition in the sense of struggling bonny to survive but the division of labor may signify that there be sufficient material resources for all in the society, and in this division allows a certain form of cooperation and because people need from each one other this produces a solidarity in the soc iety. *As we noted previously, Marx saw both alienation and class meshing as inevitable (or normal) in capitalist societies.By contrast, rather than seeing social conflict as a normal condition of capitalism, Durkheim maintained that anomy results only in abnormal conditions of over specialisation, when the approach patterns of capitalism become in any case rigid and individuals are forced into a particular position in the division of labor. *Causes of Division of Labor division of labor develops regularly as history proceeds. This f scrap certainly depends on causes that are equalwise constant, causes that we shall investigate. (p. 179). THe increase in the DOL is therefore due to the fact that the social segments lose their individuality, that the partitions dividing them become more permeable. IN short, there occurs between them a coalescence that renders the social substance free to drop upon new combinations. p. 141 The key to the expansion of the DOL is the increase i n social inter work on, particularly functional polariation. * This is what gives moral value to the division of labor. Through it, the individual becomes apprised of his dependence upon society from it come the forces which keep him in check and restrain him.In short, since the division of labor becomes the chief source of social solidarity, it becomes, at the same time, the creative activity of the moral order. * Moreover, far from being trammeled by the progress of specialization, individual individualality develops with the division of labor. To be a person is to be an autonomous source of action. cosmos acquires this quality only in so far as there is something in him which is his alone and which individualizes him, as he is something more than a simple prosopopoeia of the generic type of his race and his group.The division of labor itself contributes to this enfranchisement, for individual natures, while specializing, become more complex, and by that are in part freed f rom collective action and hereditary influences which bed only enforce themselves upon simple, general things. The intimately visible example of social solidarity that Durkheim mentioned was virtue. Law is the organization of social life in its most stable and precise form. The classification of justice of nature depends on the type of solidarity corresponds to it. The first type of law is the repressive law which imposes a fine or injury on the perpetrator.The second one is the restitutory laws which refer to restoring the previous relationship which have been disturbed from before the crime was committed. Repressive law tends to stay diffused througout the society, restitutory law works through more specialized bodies like in courts, magistrates and lawyers. *Despite the removed role of restitutory law from socirty, society still intervenes in restitutory sanctioning. The formation of a contract directly concerns the parties involved nonetheless, id a contract has a binding force, it is a society which confers that force.If society does not give its blessing to the obligations that have been contracted, accordingly these obligations are reduced to only moral promises. Hence the presence of society in restitutory law, although not necessarily felt, is nonetheless essential. negative control economys which make a person refrain from acting ex. do not help a farmere with his crop, simply prevent him from stealing his neighbors positive control regulations which make a person act ex. impose a certain method of farming upon a farmer. Mechanical Solidarity or solidarity by similarities, it is deeply rooted in everyone doing or feeling the same thing.It is the type of solidarity that is associated with repressive laws that corresponds to crimes resulting in repressive punishments. Durkheim pointed out in his book that how the repressive or penal rules demonstrates the strength of resistance of collective receipt to a crime. Thus it is now called collecti ve consciousness which is the totality of beliefs and sentiments ballpark to average citizens of the same society forms a determinate system which has its own life. Therefore, it is summarized as an act is only execrable if it offends the strong, well-defined states of collective consciousness. *Mechanical solidarity is typified by feelings of likeness. Mechanical solidarity is rooted in everyone doing/feeling the same thing. Durkheim maintained that this type of solidarity is distinctive of small, traditional societies. In these simple societies, circumstances compel individuals to be generalists involved in the production and dispersal of a variety of goods. Indeed, in small, traditional societies, specialization in one task to the exclusion of others is not possible because the society depends on each individual providing a host of contributions to the group.For instance, men, women, and children are often all compulsory to pick crops at harvest time, and all partake in the harvest-time celebrations as well. Durkheim argued that a significant social consequence of the shared work start out characteristic of traditional societies is a shared collective conscience. People in traditional societies tend to feel one and the same, and it is this feeling of oneness that is integral in the maintenance of social order. Yet, Durkheim saw that in large, complex societies, this type of solidarity was waning.In large, modern societies, labor is specialized people do not necessarily all lease in the same work or share the same ideas and beliefs. *Since the rules are inscribed upon everyones consciousness, all are aware of them and feel they are founded upon right. Undoubtedly if an act is punished, it is because it is contrary to a mandatory rule, but this rule is not expressly spelt out. There can be only one reason for this it is because the rule is known and accepted by everybody. (p. 5) we should not say that an act offends the common consciousness because it is criminal, but that it is criminal because it offend that consciousness. (p. 42) 133 *What separates repressive law from civil law law that simply restores previous order? First, recall that crimes are those things that affect the common consciousness Thus, since the sentiments that crime offends within a single society are the most universally collective ones of all, since they represent especially powerful states of the common consciousness, they cannot possibly brook any opposition. . e need a more risky form of satisfaction. (p. 55) The kinds of offenses that give rise to repressive law assault transcendent values, when we demand the repression of crime it is not because we are seeking a personal vengeance, but rather vengeance for something sacred which we vaguely feel is more or less outside and above us. (p. 56) At this point (right around p. 57 and 58), E. D. makes a subtle and important point. That punishing criminal activity reinforces the common consciousness. C rime therefore draws honest consciousnesses together, concentrating them. He provides an example.In a small town, everyone talks about the criminal scandal. Just like when horrible things happen in the news, we respond. By discussing the crime and punishment with people we know, we reinforce our opinion about the immorality of the action. In short, since it is the common consciousness that is wounded, it must also be this that resists consequently, resistance must be collective. But why this resistance is organized remains to be explained. Historically, crimes were judged by the full-page people, then as society progressed, certain samples of people and judges took the place of the whole. bottom of p. 59) the organization into courts is a division of labor response the world got bigger, and needed more people to split up the work of policing the common consciousness. (Note, of course, that this is exactly the moment that greater individual variation in what, exactly, people have in common starts to magnify). Thus, it is certainly the nature of the collective sentiments that accounts for punishment, and consequently for crime. Organic Solidarity, on the other hand is characterized with the other type of law which is the restitutory law.Organic solidarity assumes that people are different from each other and they are interdependent with other forming a complex web of cooperative associations. Unlike the mechanical solidarity, the solidarity in this case is from each person cultivating individual differences and knowing that each one is doing something for the betterment of everyone. Moreover, Durkheim said that the organic solidarity arises only when the division of labor is spontaneous or voluntary. Because the division of labor is pushed too far then it becomes dangerous for the individual for t may result to the isolation of in their special activity or skill. Thus making the division of labor a source of disintegration for the individuals and the societ y. *Damages awarded have no penal character they are simply a means of putting impale the clock so as to restore the past, so far as possible, to its normal state. (p. 69) Restitutory laws put the world back together they restore what was before. Restitutory laws are not (usually) part of the collective common consciousness. Instead, they apply to very specific areas (corporate law, accounting law, housing law, contract law, etc. ) and, E. D. laims, a violation of such a law does not elicit the emotional need for expiation that a criminal offense does. The idea that murder can be tolerates sets us up in arms, but we very readily accept that the law of inheritance might be modified, . Since these prescriptions do not correspond to any feeling within us, an as generally we don no know their scientific justification, since this science does not yet exist, they have no deep roots in most of us. 137 Since restitutory laws do not affect everyone, the solidarity that restitutory law s relate to cannot rest on a uniform similarity across everyone in the group. For Durkheim, organic solidarity refers to a type of solidarity in which each person is interdependent with others, forming a complex web of cooperative associations. In such situations, solidarity (or a feeling of oneness) comes not from each person accept/doing the same thing, but from each person cultivating individual differences and knowing that each is doing her part for the good of the whole. Thus, Durkheim argued that the increasing specialization and individuation so readily seeming in modern industrial societies does not necessarily result in a decline in social stability or cohesion.Rather, the growth in a societys density (the number of people living in a community) and consequent increasingly specialized division of labor can result in simply a different type of social cohesion. Abnormal Forms. (1) Anomic Division of Labor is cause by the lack of regulation or a weakened common morality that can occur in modern society. Usually surfaces when there are industrial or commercial message crises or there are conflicts between capital and labor. Durkheim discusses conditions of the worker under capitalism and it somewhat very close to Marxs description of lienation and exploitation. However, he says that situations like this are not in the normal form but is something resulting from an individual who does not have a sufficient vision of the whole process of production. (2) strained Division of Labor is where the division of labor is not allowed to develop spontaneously and where some act to protect themselves and their positions. It is the consequence of a structural condition where the distribution of social functions does not match to the distribution of natural talents. (3) Another Abnormal Form.Durkheims observation that the function of an organism can become more industrious only on the condition that they also become more continuous one organ can do more only if the other variety meat do more, and vice versa. When this continuity is missing then the functional activity of the specialized parts decreases, resulting in wasted effort and loss of productive capacity. increase activity also results to a stronger bond of solidarity but when mismanagement arises, the activity of the worker is reduced, functions become discontinuous, and solidarity is destabilized.

Whip it

walking on air is curious about joining the roller derby team while in Austin, TX for the derby thus fart, provided her friend, Pass, is doubtful about her very trying out for the team. Pass brings up several factors about why Bliss wouldnt try out Including her not having the guts to try out, her not creation as tough as the other roller derby girls, and the fact that her receive would disapprove of It. Plus, although Pass TLD exactly mention It, Bliss wasnt the appropriate old age to Join the team. She had to be 21 to join the team and she was only 17.I felt same Pass was bringing up all of Bliss flaws not to put her down, but to make her requirement to prove her wrong and go for it. As the movie explores the relationship between Bliss and her mother, I timber like nobodys unfeignedly quick-witted with each others decisions. Bliss wants to find direction in her life and follow her hearts desire while her mother aspires for her to be a beauty queen like she once was as a teen. Even though they both dont really see eye to eye about their differences, Bliss goes along with her moms wishes o enchant her, so in a sense, I suppose her mother is happier in the situation.The things that they have In common are their love for each other even if its not shown too often throughout the film, and their passion for what they love to do In life Bliss roller derby racing and her mothers beauty pageants. How Bliss and her mother view each other Is pretty similar. Her mother sees beauty and Intelligence wealth Bliss, and feels that both can surface by competing in the beauty pageants. Bliss also sees the beauty in her mother, although her mom feels like this has faded away wrought the years.Bliss mother sees herself as a former beauty queen who has vulcanised and often reflects on the days when she was younger. Bliss sees herself as a girl who just isnt the beauty pageant type, but has other special qualities about her that may not set well with her mother. I vi ew Bliss as a girl who knows that theres courage and strength within her and strives to bring them out. From the very reference of the movie, I felt that she knew there was a certain path she was supposed to be following but was uncertain of what It was.From her dyeing her hair blue and neat Interested In roller derby at the head shop that day, I think she knew that she was different and was destined to be a free spirit. I view her mother as someone who honestly just wants the best for her daughters, but can be too overprotective of them and unreceptive to what they truly want out of life. Shes definitely strong and stands firm in her beliefs, it even showed in her facial expressions that she was a woman of dignity. I got the feeling that she knew how tough life can be and she didnt want her daughters going through any mind of pain if she could help it.I could see her reasons for wanting to protect Bliss from the world, but I feel that she shouldnt have pushed her beauty pageant d reams onto Bliss. With Bliss participation in roller derby racing, I feel like it liberated her and helped her confront her mother about what she really wants to do with her life. I also feel that she gave her father a sense of pride which we can see by him putting her Jersey number In the yard at the end of the movie. We could see how her decision affected her family as a whole.What roller derby almost costs her was her almost consumed by her new life of roller derby, and she had to really face the good and bad that came with it. Vive experienced this as well with some of my leisurely choices. Vive learned that no matter what youre fanatical about, theres always an upside and downside waiting for you Just down the road. The key to not letting the downsides knock you off your axis is to stay focused and to never let friends and family fall to the wayside while pursuing that passion.

Staying Focused

? There are many ways I can mystify focused stayin focused is rightfully lowering for me to do. There are many times my mind wonder off which cost me to lose focus on whatever I am doing. Staying centre effects alot of volume in the world in particular people thats in school that have kids In this report I will be talking intimately many ways that I can stay focused. I have a problem with staying focused I am a individual(a) mom with two kids and it is really hard trying to be focused with them around.Its real easy for me to stay focused at school or at work unless I have people around me thats disturbing me,other then that when Im there I leave my communication in the car so I can be focused in superstar area. Its hard to stay focused when my kids are around because all my attention goes to them. Most of the time when I have to study I have my sister or brother to watch them. (Its important to understand that maintaining focus is an active mental and physical excerise, not a passive or automatic response says Michael Pollicks). Focus gets assassinated when you find yourself being unhingeed.If you find yourself disoriented,scattered,or if you have no plan your focus is deviation to get nailed in the process. If your focus is gone you will not be able to do what you need to do in order to see the mark attained. I feel that if you dont learn how to deal with staying focused then if will be very hard to make it with anything in life especially me. I totally agree with Michael Pollick because maintaining focus is an active and physical excerise. I larn that having well defined goals are good guidelines writing my goals down really helps whenever I get distrracted.Its helps me when I read my goals It reminds me of what I am trying to do and why. (The enviroment around you will always find new ways to distract you from whats important, Its even more important to maintain your focus always remember to be calm and focused. Steve Martile). I feel that if p eople read more about staying focused it will help them alot I know with me reading about it helped me alot and I feel that if I follow some of these guidelines It will help me alot through life and through my career.The proccess that I will use to evaluate the information that I gathered. I will follow these steps I will study one or two objectives for the year. Goal setting is important,but setting too many goals can be a trap. Too many goals mess alot of people focus up because they have all these goals that they are trying to complete instead if you have two goals you can focused on one at a time and you dont have to rush. If I focus on the most important first my focus will be alot stronger because I will be staying focus on what is important to me first.I will also give myself daily quiet time so that I can focused on my work or especially whan I have to study I especcially need quiet time when I am doing anything dealing with school. I learned that if u visualize daily visio n it is the magnet that pulls you along your destination. It gives you the juice to move towards a bright future. Having a vision moves you with the current instead of against it. In this research I talked about many ways that I can stay focused there are many different ways that I can stay focused.If I stay focused through out my entire life I will suceede if i focus on one or two goals in life I will complete my goals I just have to stay focused. I ran across a statment that was so true and it said. ( Being the eye of the storm is no easy task, but it can be very simple. Choose one tip and commit all(prenominal) part of your being to make it happen. It will make all the difference as you steer your ship through those turbulent waters-and ultimately help you stay focused. bySteve Martile)

Broadcasting of the BBC Documentary ‘The Secret Policeman’ Essay

On Tuesday 21st October 2003, the BBCs accusative film The confidential Policeman was broadcast to approximately 5 million viewers in Britain. Mark Daly, an covert reporter had spent seven months posing as a fellow trainee at the Bruche National Training Centre in Cheshire to film an expos on racial discrimination among police recruits. The film not only provided evidence of police racism but also highlighted the stereoclassifiable mental representations of B neglect identity deep down Western ideology.In this essay I propose to ask how the British medias representation of grislys has, rather than reflecting ingenuousness, constructed it. My research predominantly focuses on evidence gathered from racial reports and theories of the 1980s until the present day and examines the development, if any, within race representation in the media. Pre-1980s case studies atomic number 18 generally omitted because of the rapid development of discussion of racial issues as a reaction t o the brutal riots of that decade. Additionally, the institutional and individual stereotyping revealed within The Secret Policeman tooshie be directly related to prevalent issues specifically within the media of the previous two decades. Controversially, I at long last aim to depict The Secret Policeman as a symbol of advancement in Black representation within Britain.The use of the term Black bastard and Nigger isnt racialistThe Secret Policemans inclusion of a clip of racist remarks by the Police Federations Representative in 1983 is an accurate reflection of the racial turmoil that Britains Institutions and communities were in. Black lawlessness was an image that prevail the Press reporting on riots from 1980 85. A predominantly Black riot against at Bristols police force in 1980 was followed by further confrontational outbreaks in 1981. The first two years of riots gained Britains (particularly young) West Indian community the reputation for being notorious for muggings, as saults and murders2 but nonetheless presented a slight initial interest into the aw arness of the underlying causes. The scale of Britains urban unrest between these years varied considerably but the term of violence after 1980 forced the political agenda to include an examination of the origins of the protests. The Press employed Brixton (1981) to highlight the need for enhanced Government economic policies As we condemn the senseless terror we also condemn the deep seated social problemswhich spawned them.From 1983 to 1985 Britains poor and predominantly West Indian and Asian neighbourhoods undergo social disturbances, as was the case in 1981. Once more, the media endorsed the riots as the criminal acts of black, inner-metropolis youths but this time they were not linked to ethnical inequality, op invokeion or socio-economic foiling but only to the Blacks position in society and their undermining of the law and cultural traditions of the minority communities themselves. The B ritish presss reaction to the prominence of riots particularly during 1985 was to free fall both generally to examine the reasons for them and specifically to consider ethnical inequality as a cause. Subjects of immigration, housing, employment, social facilities and race dealings within the civic administration that were central to the causes of the urban violence, were abandoned for crude simplifications that represented Blacks as the sole initiators of the violence. The criminal identity with which the media had labelled Blacks was not wholly fictitious. Anecdotal evidence of instigative quotes and repetition of unreliable stories would always operate within a dominant regime of truth4. Crimes involving Blacks were given disproportionate coverage that suggested a behavioural trigger that would never be suggested of Whites. Stereotyping was not the only form of racism more covertly the press would exclude or misconstrue statistics such as those that showed Blacks to be twice as likely to be out of work as their counterparts. The coverage of Tottenhams 1985 riot gave less publicity to the death of a lack woman than the ensuing disturbances in which a police constable was murdered. The policemans role as a victim totally overshadowed the mourning of the aggressor that the Black fatality was consigned to.The perspective within which coloured people are presented as ordinary members of society has become increasingly overshadowed by a word of honor perspective in which they are presented as a problem.Teun. A. Van Dijk was highly influenced by Hartmann and Husbands early study of racism in the press which concluded the above labelling of Blacks. According to Van Dijk the riots were topicalized in a style recognisable across the entire media front the event, the causes and the consequences. Contrary to using these journalistic traits to investigate all areas of the riots, Britains media manipulated it as a means of reporting on selective data. The event was described as the attacks of mobs of black youths in order to confirm the stimulus once the disturbance was over the primary definition of the cause of the riots was in terms of Black criminality in p reference work to the inner city conditions. Finally, the exoneration of Institutional Britain was enabled by the reports focus into future containment, policing and inquiries. The report pattern of Black mob, Black crime and Black prevention was typical of a whole generations instinctive approach to Black Britain. The medias reception to the 1980s riots created and regurgitated images of Black male criminals. Blacks in non-race stories were not considered newsworthy. encouragingly by the 1980s Black was on the political agenda however by 1985 it had been relegated from the social issue some commentators had perceived, via a social problem to a social evil. If the medias hegemonic reports and editorials in the 1980s were classed as a ba deposit disguised belief in White supremacy, Th e Secret Policeman strangely that that berth to Blacks is as strong straightaway as ever it was then.Im a firm believer that Pakis create racism.Most Asians carry knives.The affaire in London is, the majority of street robbery is BlackIn 1982 the Com military mission for Racial equation published the first code of traffic pattern on eliminating discrimination and promoting equal opportunities, which was speedily identified by a Daily Telegraph editorial as bossy nonsense. Arguably the code of practice was counter-productive. Attacks on anti-racist and equal rights movements were at their height during the period of 1983 to 1986, when Black became Britains pre school text for social disturbances. Resistance towards such movements was accused of stirring racial stress through excessive political correctness. For much of the press, racism was a manufactured problem of the anti-racist leftfield, found in social science research programmes, anti-racist projects and multi-cultural education. The anti-racist social acquisition process created accusations of anti-English indoctrination thus posing a bane to White elitism, dominance and control. Thatchers Institutionally right-wing Britain defined itself as a protagonist of the attacks from the left that they believed favoured special treatment of multicultural Britain. Significantly, the immediate Government response to The Secret Policeman undercover investigation was given by the home secretary David Blunkett, who criticised the BBC for their bearing to create, not report, a storyas a covert stunt to get attentionAccording to the Guardians most recent statistics, ethnic minorities make up 9% of the UKs population. In more urban areas such as Greater Manchester where The Secret Policeman was filmed, this percentage is believed to reach figures as high as 30%. However, the documentary showed Warrington police training base to consist of 118 white and one Asian recruit. Notably, Black people in are massively under-represented in Parliament. New Western societies still show many forms of institutional and everyday discrimination that David Blunkett arguably hoped to dismiss with a similar response to the 1980s critical analysis of racist exposs. Over a month before The Secret Policeman was broadcast, John Gieve, the permanent Secretary at the base of operations Office wrote to the BBC a letter that they described as unprecedented pressure to bully them into withdrawing the programme. The chief constable of Greater Manchester Police also intimidated the BBC with the threat of a Hutton-style inquiry that could destroy the BBCs relationship with the police. Mark Dalys work within the police force was cut short when arrested on suspicion of deception and damaging police property charges were dropped when embarrassingly for the police, the public were informed of the institutional racism.The Observer newspaper considered the Whitehall and police confrontation worthy of its front-page adve rtise Home Office tried to axe BBC police race expos. Headlines are carefully devised as a pithy synopsis of the story. They quickly impart experience in a way which facilitates both understanding and recall. The headlines of news reports about ethnic affairs summarize events that the medias white academics, teachers, writers and political activists define as relevant to white and black readers interests. The medias manipulation of headlines dramatized the 1980s anti-racism only to emphasise the Western ideology of Black negativity. For example the Telegraphs flagrant headline bossy nonsense clearly established the tedium felt by the author towards the issue of tackling racism. The Observers recent negative personation of institutional antagonists of anti-racism reveals a positive shift from the medias earlier resentment towards the anti-racist movements. So what is the ideological implication of the shift from 1980s resentment to the Observers stance? How is the exposure of raci sm in todays society a sign of improved race-relations? Who is to blame for todays existing racism?Is it the BBCs fault this has happened?BBC Radio One questioned both the responsibility of the police and the media in the revelation of The Secret Policeman. Radio One criticised the constable of North Wales for his reference to the hysteria related to terrorism, extremist Muslims and asylum as the rationale for increased racist views. Blaming society, it commented, was no option for police professionals who should concentrate on training and gainsay prejudice15. Is the BBCs accusation equitable or is pardoning society a means of pardoning the media to ultimately pardon itself?How we are seen determines in part how we are interact how we treat others is based on how we see them such seeing comes from representation.16Traditionally founded on Reithian ideas of independence, access and expression, the BBC aimed to inform, educate and entertain the masses. The BBC devised itself an ide ntity as the depicted object cultural institution that would represent Britains public through Britains voice. In a statement following the arrest of Mark Daly, the BBC reflected the all-purpose mission they were founded upon We believe this to be a matter of significant public interest17. The BBC, in essence, the media, is a powerful realm of social whiteness that manipulates the patterns of inter-elite communication. The ethnic minorities in Britain even today remain concentrated in relatively few areas. As a result huge numbers of the White majority rely almost exclusively on the media for knowledge of issues concerning their Black counterparts. The formations and continuance of White attitudes are therefore highly reliant upon the medias portrayal of race-relations most much found in the news. The news is an everyday routine structure, and in literal terms can be defined as a classical realist text. However, Nichols recognises that the reality of news takes precedence over the news of reality18, thus enabling it to empower, or dis-empower its subject. In these terms the subject is Black and the empowerment is total to the serious issue of Black nationhood and identity. When reality is represented, its former unequivocal status becomes ambiguous news is static but its condition is not. For example, patterns of race reporting can attach themselves to the wider subjects of Black British existence, a procedure that Sarita Malik terms leitmotif. During the 1980s riots, the Black identity was frequently referred to in terms of former race-related violence. Leitmotifs thus manipulated the reality to familiarise the White-eye with often-unrelated parables of Black anger that consequently created a distorted mis-information about the original conflict. In contrast, representing reality can be equally deceitful through a negation of context. The news according to Malik is best at representing what and why but regularly fails to recognise the socio-political reas oning behind it. In terms of race relations of the last two decades Britains media tends to focus excessively on the wider context of Black struggle yet too seldom on the social context that fuels this struggle. The BBCs decision to resist Governmental and Federal pressures and broadcast The Secret Policeman implied a positive shift in its allegiance to the White control classes. Although this documentary was yet another portrayal of the problem-orientated Black, uniquely the revolting19 and Appalling, racist revelations20 were more optimistically acknowledged as White.The television documentary is based on questions of identity that engage with the construction of relationships between subject, audience and the camera or narrator. The cinematography is used as a tool of say-so in which the spectator is lured into believing they are a observing a record of untouched and immediate reality. But reality, as clarified previously, can be more ambiguous than anticipated. In fact, the il lusion that a documentary allows the subject to speak for itself without moralising or judging is, like the news, a powerful status to possess. Documentaries are the most likely genre to directly address socio-political affairs and on the rare occasion of the medias attention to multicultural development it is most equiprobable they will be used. Unfortunately, documentaries of the 1950s were emotive, sentimental and practically vague and similarly.The 1960s gave little hope for a genre increasingly lacking in aesthesia and awareness towards the Black subject. In contrast to the pathos of the 1950s White pity toward Blacks, the 1960s employed tones of hostility, fear and conflict. Thus, the erratic history of the socialist documentary was influential and manipulative towards the enhancement of Governmental attacks that ran adjacent to the anti-racist campaigns of the 1980s. The development of light and cheap video recording equipment has made the video diary an accessible and exc eedingly popular style of documentary since the late 1990s a development that enabled the BBC to produce The Secret Policeman. Improved camera technology initiated independent film-making and in belief greater social analysis during the 1990s, but this was not the only continuity in televisions social eye. Governmental, cultural and economic forces were evolving towards todays individualistic, consumerist and multicultural society television had to keep pace. The documentary shifted from social generalisations to pluralism and for the first time society was eclipsed by individualism and lifestyle. Although the 1990s showed much resistance to an increasingly cross-cultural and mixed-race Britain, the definition of society and Britishness undoubtedly required re-examination.Isnt it good how memories dont fade? He Steven Lawrence fucking deserved it and his still and dad are a fucking pair of spongers.PC Rob Pullings acclamation of the murderers and derision of the family of black st udent Steven Lawrence shocked viewers of The Secret Policeman. Lawrences mother was particularly disheartened, stating, that, after all this time, people still held those views.22 The stereotyping of Black people as spongers or scroungers is one that was upheld and affirm during the rioting period of the 1980s. The Diasporas posed a threat to Britain as a consequence of its deficiency in resources and increasing immigration numbers. In 1968 Enoch Powell suggested a much favoured but conclusively rejected topic relatable to Thatchers new 1980s, right wing government that of repatriation. Repatriation essentially warned Blacks to behave or go home. Powell returned to his basis in the wake of the 1985 Handsworth riots to create a climate of racist opinion. Immigration had become among the most prominent Press subjects, during which, one tabloid claimed that immigrants cost the taxpayer billions of pounds. Black people were constituted as the welfare states problem that added to taxat ion through an exploitation of the White supremacist welfare state. In 1984, the News of the universe of discourse printed the headline 476 a week for waiter Abdul. The Daily Mail picked up on this story, printing a day later Jobless Abdullife of prodigality in hotelsat the taxpayers expense.24 The actuality of this story is that the 476 payment that was referred to was an inclusive sum covering the cost of housing Abdul, his wife and his six children. More interestingly, Abdul Bari was a British citizen.In 1999, six years after the Lawrence incident, Sir William Macpherson undertook a high profile investigation into the racism and discrimination in the Metropolitan Police Force.His Report coined the show institutional racism. This triggered discussions of discrimination within Britains leading institutions the police, the media, the education system and the government. Following the Lawrence enquiry huge numbers of police were forced to tackle intensive training in racial equal ity and similar, revised programmes are ongoing today. One police force in Britain sent 40 000 employees on race training days within the last year, but Pullings overt racism raises questions of the efficacy of the Home Offices topical strategy of challenging prejudice.In the concluding chapter of her book Representing Black in Britain, Sarita Malik makes a discouragingly negative, albeit honest assertion that the accepted sentiment that racist Britain is in decline is somewhat false. By this, she suggests that racism in the media, as in other public sectors, has merely been concealed. Malik proposed that truthful representations could emerge only through more diverse, aesthetically innovative and accurate portrayals of Blacks. More relevantly to The Secret Policeman, Malik highlighted the need for a rethink of the constituent parts that compose Britains media resources, employment and ultimately its national heritage. Whilst the number of Blacks and ethnic minorities on British te levision has increased dramatically particularly in urban based soaps such as Holby city and Eastenders the production teams and editors continue to favour Whites. My premise that The Secret Policemen established an interesting relationship with the development of British media was formed whilst listening to a Radio quaternary news programme. It suggested that The Secret Policeman provided hard evidence that racism had gone underground. The programme concluded that although the police understood the shoulds and shouldnts of racial procedures, impartiality was never entrenched in their hearts and minds. Consistently with my research, the social learning process of the media has potentially played a huge role in PC Pullings racist prejudices and discrimination. Racism is not innate after all it is learned. So how is it that I feel confident to propose The Secret Policeman as evidence of enhanced race-relations within the media?The role of the media is not isolated, but connected i n numerous ways to the elites in general this time it stood alone. The BBC assumed the role of the anti-racist and confronted the majority. The Secret Policeman exposed to huge public numbers, the long-standing stereotypes of the ruling-race and gave scope for investigating the origins of such beliefs. More positively the documentary received flare and drastic responses from both the public and the institutions. The Home Office immediately introduced plans for new police integrity tests and understood the need for societal change.The medias willingness to scrutinise and criticise the racism revealed in The Secret Policeman marked a complete reversal from the attacks on anti-racism evident in the 1980s. The Secret Policeman has served a distinctive purpose. It has illustrated what has long been apparent but too rarely admitted White power is dangerously flawed.BIBLIOGRAPHYFerguson, Robert. Representing Race, 1998. Arnold LondonGordon, Paul & Rosenberg, David. The Press and black peo ple in Britain, 1989. Runnymede Trust NottinghamMalik, Sarita. Representing Black in Britain, 2002. Sage LondonSolomos, John. Race and Racism in Contemporary Britain, 1989. Macmillan LondonTroyna, Barry. Public awareness and the media, 1981. Commission for Racial Equality LondonVan Dijk, Tuen A. Racism and the Press, 1991. Routledge London and New York

Personal Development

An insurance connection has high levels of absenteeism among its staff. The head of administration argues that employees are misusing their leave benefits. However some female employees explained that their family matters interfere with accountability cast. Using the MARS model, as headspring as your knowledge of absenteeism, discuss some of the possible reasons for absenteeism and how to thin it. MARS Model seeks to explain individual behavior as a result of internal and foreign factors or influences acting together.Individual behavior influenced by Motivation, Ability, Role perception and Situational factors (M. A. R. S). People are not incite to come to work since they dont feel a sense of self-satisfaction in completing their tasks, they dont see live for advancement, dont feel that they are getting paid enough, and dont like their co-workers (or more likely their boss). The cost of absenteeism is extremely high. In able to diagnose absenteeism problem in the organization , a clearly distinction should be made in the midst of voluntary and involuntary absenteeism.Voluntary absenteeism is when employees have a choice of working or not working and they designedly decide to miss work. Involuntary absenteeism is when employees miss work for reason beyond their control. Some of the common reasons female genitals absenteeism are as under * Serious accidents and illness * Low morale * Workload * Employee discontent with the work environment * Remuneration which continue returns during periods of illness or accident * The continuation of income shield plans (collective agreement ) * lamentable working conditions * Boredom on the job Insufficient leadership and poor management * Personal problems (financial, marital, inwardness abuse, child care etc. ) * Poor bodily fitness * The existence of income protection plans (collective agreement ) * merchant vessels trouble * Stress There are numbers of strategies and approaches that toilet be adapted by organ izations in order to reduce the level of absenteeism in their companies. According to Johnson et al. (2003), successful absenteeism management strategies begin with the belief that something can actually be done to reduce absenteeism.Managers need to keep in mind that there is no one-size-fits all solution that is appropriate for all organizations. Every organization is unique and absenteeism reduction strategies should be customized to the specific work environment. Harris (2005) states that employers should distinguish between short- and long-term absence when dealing with the problem of absence. The author mentions that for short-term absence, an efficient sickness absence policy should be implemented.This policy should indicate the procedure to be followed as well as the possible consequences of unacceptable sick leave levels. For long term absences, an employer should keep record of these events as well as ensuring that medical certificates are supplied. In cases where employ ees health is not improving and they are uneffective to perform their work, a fair incapacity process should be followed (Harris, 2005). REFERENCES Organization Behavior, The Management of individual and organizational performance by DAVID J. CHERRINGTON. Online Search.

One Man Two Guvnors Drama Review

One manhood Two Guvnors re scan In a packed theater, full of auditory senses from all ages who continuously have a smile on their face currently reckond as a high five stars, One human being Two Guvnors could not be a funnier performance to fall out. As soon as I entered the theatre, it was wholly packed. I also saw more people from different age groups this gave me a feeling that the fork up would be entertaining enough to cross people from all ages to come and see the show. The environment of the theatre was in truth formal, as there was a red and gold layout and it was also very clean.Before the show started there was country singers, this was a very good way to introduce the show as the song was very upbeat and got me feeling more excited. They were dressed in checked shirts and suits this gave me the feeling straight away that it would be based before the 2000s, which I was right as it is set in 1963. These country singers also came in a few times during the show and sang more more lively songs which I pick out hearing and sung with my friends. The main pillowcase that stood out the nearly to me was the well-known actor James Cordon, whom vie a failed skiffle player named Francis who is in need of a job and a mealHe gets himself in a shuffle, as working as a servant for two masters whom are currently enemies. Many words could describe Francis funny, dopey, confused, loud, sociable, at times annoying. Not only did he make the audience laugh, he also spoke to them too For example, asking the audience who has a sandwich, which made the audience get more involved with Francis. He also did return a sandwich and a few some other treats when asked He had also made the audience a part of the performance as he demand some volunteers to get up on stage and help him out in the jobs he had to do. such as, lifting a trunk and needing help on food preparations.My favourite circumstance that made Francis impress me the most was when he had to keep hi s two guvnors away from each other and at the same time distribute them both food, whilst they was both opposite doors away from each other in the same hotel His greedy deportment of taking some food out of the dishes and keeping them for himself was absolutely hilarious. This is also the scene where he chose psyche from the audience to help him take some food and store it in his pot. The way parts of this scene was off script yet still so on track and funny impressed me and I laughed the most at this scene.I also thought that the staging had a big impact to the audience. There were many different scene changes that looked so realistic the living room, the Brighton pier, the upstairs hotel in The Cricketers Arms and the street outback(a) it. The stage was spacious enough for the actors to move around freely, I still had a clear view even though I sat at the right at the top upper circle. The firing off on stage was very bright as the scenes were mostly indoors or in daylight. T he music had suited the plays environment as the music was very upbeat, lively, loud and cheerful.Many instruments were played together to make many amazing songs and sounds. The play would stop in between, the curtains would draw and each time I got more convict wanting another song to come. The country singers who sang the songs gave me a warm, yet energetic feeling as I and the audience were clapping along to the rhythm, not to mention singing at the chorus. If these country singers did not perform, the overall play would not have been the same Another scene that I also enjoyed a lot would be the ending scene, where Francis two jobs were revealed, all problems are sorted and the truth comes out.The two love birds are finally together and its all just like a fairy tale. This was a good way to end the performance in a happy atmosphere. Overall, I recommend that everyone should watch this performance as they will laugh their socks off just like the rest of the audience. I would ra te the play a high 4 star performance as it was a fantastic, memorable sleep with that definitely made my day and is worth the watch. James Corden as his character Francis James Corden as his character Francis Rachel and Stanley whom are in love Rachel and Stanley whom are in love

Non-Verbal Communication Essay

A number of batch r for each one to a greater extent attention on what they want to say,however,how to say it means more chief(prenominal). In fact, studies suggest that during opposite intercourse, only 7% of meaning comes from the verbal content of the message 38% comes from t peerless of voice and 55% comes from body language. Obviously, non-verbal communication refers to the suffice of the communication by means of receiving and sending the messages which are wordless. As an important tool of communication, non-verbal communication plays an important part in job interviews, medical care and cordial interactions.The process of a job interview is full of communication, including both verbal and communicatory communications however, nonverbal communication is more important than verbal communication in some ways. When lot do the interview, it is critical for people to send the aright messages and receive the good responses as well as maintaining mall contact, using facia l nerve articulateions and making proper postures. Eye contact is inwrought when people are talking to the interviewer. The sustained eye contact could be respectful which point your confidence and trust.Also, this makes sure that you are listening and understanding about(predicate) what you are communicating with each other. However, its not good to stare at interviewers constantly, which make them uncomfortable. The lift out way is to maintain the eye contact for several seconds, and then change your vision away from the interviewers briefly, lastly put the eye contact on the interviewers. Meanwhile, facial expression is a necessary comp one and only(a)nt in a job interview. Commonly, smile is a powerful communication tool, which is able to take back the friendliness, happiness and interests.It helps people relieve nervous tension in regularise to make a good performance in the front of the interviewers. Also, its better to add a smile with your eyes so that you can show a real smile in your face, which makes your interview more successful. Additionally, making good postures can furbish up the quality of the job interview. The way of standing, sitting or talking shows the level of our attitude and manners, particularly in a job interview. For example, first, sit on the edge of the chair is a signal of nervousness and express youre uncomfortable. Second, stand in the space belonging to the others and cross the arm, which can be hostile.In order to make your job interview extremely successfully, youd better prepare eye contact, facial expressions and right postures. Furthermore, nonverbal communication is related to the development of medical care. Usually, most people are getting complex with each other through verbal communication. However, when people are getting older, they are lacking the functions of social nedeucerk and body function degradation so that they need to depend on nurses care nonverbal behavior,which establish the relationship in t he midst of nurses and patients, such as, smiling, body lay and touch. Smiling may be one of the most important characteristics of a nurse who wishes to establish good rapport with patients (Schabracq 1987 Heintzman et al. 1993).Smiling is positively judged by other people and is considered as a sign of good humour, oestrus and immediacy (Mehrabian 1972, Reece & Whitman 1962). The body positioning points out whether the person is caring and listening. In the process of nonverbal behavior, the forward leaning indicates that nurse turn over attention and care about the condition of the patients. In earlier research Reece & Whitman (1962) showed that leaning forward conveys warmth and friendliness. Forward leaning combined with smiling, eye contact and verbal attentiveness (hm-hm) communicates an attitude of involvement. Additionally, touch is an essential part in the medical care, which is a significant connection between nurses and patients. Touch can deliver the feeling of com fort, identification and encouragement in order to give patients a strong response to be optimistic through the medical process.In the medical way, touch can be divided into two parts one is instrumental touch, another is expressive touch. Instrumental touch refers to the physical touch, such as bind up a wound. Expressive touch is more emotionally and spontaneous. Hence, touch is a key tool in the medical care it makes patients more positive to face the medical treatment. Whats more, social interactions are a significant form of nonverbal communication. Symbolic stands for religious and status. On one hand, status can be a symbol of social level with person through his uniform, the patsy of the car, and the size of the house.On the other hand, religious belief is equal to the culture, which makes certain people have comical communication. However, comparing to the difference between cultures, its pretty obviously that we can see the difference in the nonverbal communication. For example, physical space is a main difference. The acceptable physical distance in Latin America and Middle East is much shorter than it in America and Europe. Commonly, thats why people oft leave enough space for each other when they are standing online to buy the food.Besides, in damage of physical postures, the common example is the habit of many Americans who prefer to have a rest with their feet on the desk, but in Asia, Europe, and Middle East is unrespectable behavior. Additionally, hand and arm gestures means different between cultures. In some cases, for instance the OK sign, commonly it means everything is all right perfect. However, it means surly in France and is money in Japan. Also, it even means rude in Germany. Another gesture thumbs up, usually it indicated all things are OK.But, in Nigeria, it means very offensive, while in Turkey, it means governmental rightist party. To sum up, nonverbal communication affects the way of peoples daily life, which tends to add mo re value to our communication. It makes our job review perfectly, promotes the development of the medical care, and enhances the progress of social interactions. As a result, nonverbal communication, as an essential communication skill, is getting more important and brings people the powerful communication with each other in different areas.

Fashion Show

A vogue come on is an event put on by a fashion designer to showcase his or her future line of garment during Fashion Week. Fashion shows debut every season, particularly the Spring/Summer and precipitate/Winter seasons. This is where the latest fashion trends are made. The two most influential fashion weeks are capital of France Fashion Week and New York Fashion Week, which are both semiannual events. Types of fashion The garments produced by clothing manufacturers fall into three main categories, although these may be split up into additional, more specific categoriesHaute couture Until the 1950s, fashion clothing was predominately designed and manufactured on a made-to-measure or haute couture basis , with each garment creation created for a specific client. A couture garment is made to order for an individual customer, and is usually made from high-quality, big-ticket(prenominal) fabric, sewn with extreme attention to detail and finish, often using time-consuming, hand-ex ecuted techniques. Look and fit take precession over the cost of materials and the time it takes to make.For Example Ready-to-wear (pret-a-porter) Ready-to-wear clothes are a broom between haute couture and mass market. They are not made for individual customers, but great care is interpreted in the choice and cut of the fabric. Clothes are made in small quantities to guarantee exclusivity, so they are rather expensive. Ready-to-wear collections are usually presented by fashion houses each season during a period known as Fashion Week. This takes place on a city-wide basis and occurs twice a year.

Financial Literacy: Buying and Selling Investments

Chapter 12 Buying and Selling Investments Sources of place Information -Magazines Forbes, Business Week, Fortune word of honor Magazines Time, Newsweek, US News & World Report -Newspapers -Wall Street Journal and Barrons -Investor Newsletters -Standard & Poors timeworn Reports, Moody Investors Service, and Value Line Investment Survey -Company Reports -Annual Report -Prospectus -Internet Bloomberg, CNN Money, Kiplinger, Morningstar, Reuters Key Figures Current Stock Price- follow investors are willing to pay for a share of ownership in the site -Number of Employees Increases in the scrap of employees can reflect growth or downsizing -Market Cap The total value of a company in the armory foodstuff -Revenue amount of money received from business activities -Net Income or Profit amount of money earned after deducting all the businesss expenses -Profit Margin- profit shown as a fate P/E Ratio price-earning ratio compares the snitching price of common neckcloth to the annual remuneration per share -Current Ratio measure of a companys ability to pay its reliable debts from current assets Stockbrokers Full Service Brokers qualified stock broker who provides advice about what securities to buy and sell. Discount Brokers qualified stock broker who buys and sells securities at a reduced rate but only provides advice for a fee sometimes. Online Brokers brokers that energise low fees with the least amount of service no investment advice or management of assets and only sometimes research reports. Financial Planners an adviser who helps people make investment decisions to stated goals How are Financial Markets knowing? Primary Market where IPOs or new issues of securities are sold usually directly from the company unoriginal Market where previously issued securities are sold Securities Exchange are places for brokers to buy and sell securities for their clients Over the previse Market is a network of dealers and brokers who buy and sell se curities not listed on an exchange Direct Investing involves buying securities directly from a corporation Reinvesting involves getting stock dividends instead of cash dividendsHow are Stocks Bought and interchange? Set up an account Choose your venue (full-service, discount, online, bank, etc. ). Provide ID. Access your account online. energise minimum or regular monthly deposit Place Transactions A market order is a request to buy or sell a stock at the current market price. A limit order is a request to buy or sell a stock at a specific price. A stop order is a request to sell a stock when it reaches a certain price. A discretionary order allows the broker to buy or sell a stock to get the best price.Financial Statements

Psycho-sexual theory Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Psycho-sexual theory - Research Paper Examplepriapic st epoch is the third and comes between the ages of three years to the age of six years. here(predicate) the child starts to modernise to understand their bodies and the bodies of other peck who may include other children and their parents. At this stage, the children start exploring and get the divergency between male and female genital organs. Latent is the fourth stage in the theory stage setting of psychosexual theory which continues from the age of six when the child goes to school all the way to puberty stage, present the libido condition is transferred from the child to the parent of the same sex, friends and clubs. The final stage of the theory is the genital stage, this starts at the age of puberty all through to adolescence to the entire life of the individual. Here the individual now develops self- come to in the friends and people of the reverse sex. The focus in this gist is on the pleasure of the genitals. Fro m the stages discussed above, the individual develops high libido interest and energy as a result he is mostly attracted to the political party or people of the opposite sex and is so inferior whenever he/she comes into contact or deals with any matter to do with people of the opposite sex (Sigmund 27). ... The lady is a traitor but not she is willing to, but because the Quantum company has interpreted her lover and the deal they agreed that if she does not cooperate with them well they will kill him. Here the context of psychosexual theory comes out well clear in that vesper is ready to do anything including turning against her company employers will and grant the favor to the Quantum who are the opponent just to rescue her lover in hostage. This shows that the genital energy that is in possession of a woman is so strong and has taken over her control. In the team designed by vesper and draw, vesper to some kind finds the self-importance of bond as skeptical and not willing to cooperate with him in the poker blue in the casino. Afterwards she helps bond in his struggle with albano, she does so by knocking the gun away. In these occasions, evening star shows his concern to this man which verify her erogenous interest in the male individuals. James bond in return opts to kiss the blood off the hand of Vesper just to show his concern for her. The context also reveals and comes out well when James Bond is fight to connect the defibrillator, which is external and automatic to his give away wire, despite the fact that Vesper is a traitor, she assists him in connecting and relieves him from the stress. She also envisioned the interest on bond by saving him when the Le Chifffres girlfriend poisoned him. On the other hand, James bond also portrayed interest by the act of kissing the blood on her hands which resulted to because of saving him when he was struggling with Steven Obanno. Chiffres work for the Quantum Company and he had disappointed them for misappro priating their funds in the poker games. Bond wins the poker game and as a result, chiffres becomes so annoyed that he

Social Psychology Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 5

Social Psychology - Assignment ExampleTruly, what we think plunder build a great difference in what the reality is. This is exactly what Robert J. Trotter contends.In his aver words Trotter (1987) elucidates, The vogue we explain the things that happen to us may be more in-chief(postnominal) than what actually happens. His thesis is heavily laid open the theory proposed by Martin Seligman who explained that the depression occurred as a result of what came be to known as in condition(p) failing. Primarily, his chance encounter in an audition on dogs conducted in the University of Pennsylvania changed Seligmans thoughts. The dogs which in an earlier experiment had learnt that they would get a rap did not try to escape this time, for they learnt how to expect that they would have no control over it. They sat there as if they were helpless (Trotter, 1987). The same principle is applied to human beings.Indeed, much of what we are, how we think and behave and how we fight over ce rtain situations get constructed as a result of our expectation of what we had learnt earlier. One fails in an examination once. He sits for an separate examination expecting nothing but failure and submits to his thought that he can not escape failure. Trotter agrees with Seligmans thesis that this learnt helplessness is directly proportional to human depression. In other words, the extent to which a human experiences depression is determined by the extent to which we have learnt how to be helpless.However, learned helplessness theory was not without limitation. Seligmans students argued with him that not all the uncontrollable bad events produce helplessness and depression. Also, they questioned why would depressed people always lose self-esteem or blame themselves. In localise to counter these arguments, he revised the theory to explain the phenomena of explanatory style. The way we explain things impacts the way we behave. He argued

Computer and Network Hardware Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Computer and Network Hardware - Assignment employmentA router is necessary in a net in that they are the paths through which creation of stratum 3 takes place (Lammle, 2008). Layer 3 refers to the gateway through which the data transmitted in a network operates and this mainly takes place in OSI model. Routers make use of Internet Protocol commonly cognize as IP address to pass data across the network. Routers are common in topical anaesthetic Area Networks (LAN) (Lammle, 2008).A collision region is where collision of data packets takes place on a divided up medium mostly in Ethernet networking (Lammle, 2008). On the other hand, a broadcast domain is where any committed device to the network is capable of transmitting data to the other. In a broadcast domain, the data does non have to pass through a router. Finally, a network segment refers to any section of a workstation network depending on the devices used in the network.LAN segmentation is one of the common methods of crea ting collision domain (Medhi, 2007). The configurations depend on networks needed. With LAN, it is possible to extend the network and isolate faulty networks. It also helps to improve the network security and applicable in creating network domains (Medhi, 2007). LAN segmentation makes of bridges, network switches and routers in configuring the required

Marketing@ psychology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Marketing psychology - Essay ExampleThe situation presents great mart potential which is yet to be fully exploited. Consumers ought to have an easy time when looking out for randomness in addition to wise decision making as regards to online shopping. There are quite a number of online shops on the internet. This scenario presents varying alternatives for the consumer to choose from. Further more than, the internet provides numerous levels of culture control over the akin medium. The authors have therefore developed this make with an aim to examine this particular characteristic relative to the consumers faculty to make wise decisions when shopping online. A relevant guessing in this case is that the level of cultivation control ought to be in tandem with the level of motivation in order to enhance the caliber of online consumers decisions. A common observation has always been that consumers who are highly motivated tend to look up for relevant entropy. Consequently, the hig her the degree of information control, the higher the chances of proper decision making by consumers. On the other hand, consumers who are lowly motivated are not willing to search for information. The authors through the understand have employed an experimental type of methodology. A total of 171 participants took part in the experiment voluntarily. At the end of the day, the results revealed that consumers who are highly motivated tend to make better decisions on condition that information control is maintained at high levels. The results also revealed that low-motivation consumers made better decisions relative to low levels of information control as compared to high levels of information control. In conclusion, the results reveal great support for the studys hypothesis. 2. Schuldt, J.P., and Koonrath, S.H. (2012). The Right Angle Visual Portrayal of Products Affects Observers Impressions of Owners. Psychology and Marketing, 29(10), 705-711. Schuldt and Koonrath (2012) assert th at the observers impression of product possessors have for a long time been influenced by consumer products. Advertisements play a vital role with regard to portraying the pattern of a product. Consumers are known to make their purchase decisions on the basis of advertisements. It follows that a consumer will be attracted to a more appealing advertisement thus his/her decision to purchase the product or not. However, the slant of visually portraying the products in advertisement may be overlooked. The authors base their study on the hypothesis that portraying a similar product from different points of view can result into various associations as regards color impressions of the owner and product in analogous ways. The authors have also drawn lessons from the first study which indicated how Sport Utility Vehicles (SUV) were rated ahead of sedans on the basis of their power related traits. The SUV can be termed as a dominant and powerful type of automobile. Such associations work to influence the impressions on the owners of the products. In this case, a person who owns an SUV has a higher status as compared to another who owns a sedan as very much as the two are relatively costly commodities. In other words, the society closely associates with the SUV owner thus easily respects the owner. This suggests that visual portrayal goes beyond product evaluation such that more specific impressions relating to their respective owners. Lastly, primed traits usually affect impressions as long as they are

Philosophy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 23

Philosophy - Essay ExampleThese tactics forced the slaves to adopt excerpt tactics of living, reinforcing the beliefs of white people that menial labor was all the slaves were capable of higher thought was all the way beyond the capacity of their more primitive brains. Making the situation even worse, this societal attitude was successful in convincing worldly concerny of the slaves that these assumptions were correct. Proving that this was not the case, though, was Frederick Douglass. An escaped slave from Maryland, he was the first black man to appear on a presidential ticket in America. Douglass told the world his story revealing in the process how literacy changed him deeply to transform him from a masterless slave to a freethinking human being. These ideas argon also revealed in his archaeozoic narrative Frederick Douglass Life of an American Slave.Although his exact birth date is unknown, Douglass believed he was born sometime in February of 1818. He died on February 20, 1895. Todays common perception is that slavery, at least the brutal form of it, was confined mostly in the south on the big plantations only Douglass witnessed many brutal beatings on his masters Maryland farm where he lived for his first vii years. As a child, he was often required to endure cold and hunger because the master unbroken most of the slave-generated products, including food and fuel, for his own comfort and well-being. Normally a very traumatic event for a child, when 7-year-old Douglass mother died, he felt almost no grief. Never having enjoyed, to any considerable extent, her soothing presence, her pop the question and watchful care, I received the tidings of my mothers death with much the same emotions I should capture probably felt at the death of a stranger (Ch. 1). The important lesson Douglass tries to convey in these early chapters is how the slave is created from birth. He is separated from his family to destroy any natural human feelings of